Air Quality Training

West of England Mayoral Combined Authority

Steve Crawshaw

Analysis Team

Purpose

  • Improving understanding of air quality in MCA and UAs
  • Enabling compliance with air quality legislation
  • Protecting public health

Content

  • Air Quality: Introduction
  • Health and Environmental Impacts
  • Regulatory Framework
  • Air Quality Monitoring and Management in Transport Schemes
  • Risk Assessment and Mitigation

Air Quality: Introduction

  • Pollutants
  • Sources
  • History

Pollutants

  • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) - a group of gases that includes NO2 and nitric oxide (NO) - complex atmospheric chemistry creates..
  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) - an acidic gas that irritates the lungs
  • Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) - tiny particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs
  • Ozone (O3) - a reactive gas that can cause respiratory problems
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - important ozone precursors

Sources of Air Pollution

Sources and Exposure (NOx)

::: {.notes} Roadside exposure to NO2 is much greater than a purely emissions based analysis would suggest. :::

Sources and Exposure (PM)

  • Transport accounts for 21% of PM2.5 and 18% of PM10
  • 20% of PM2.5 emissions from domestic solid fuel
    • i.e. where people live
    • almost all discretionary emissions
    • 36% increase in PM from this source 2009 - 2020

Indoor pollution

  • Indoor pollution is significant but less regulated than outdoor
  • Cooking (gas) - NO2
  • Heating (solid fuel) - PM2.5
  • Off - gassing (furniture, carpets, paint) - VOCs
  • Transport (and other) emissions ingress from outside

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